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Co-Authors
- Shijo Zacharia
- R. Seshasayanan
- V. Gowthaman
- S. Muthukumaravel
- Tata Sudhakar
- R. Srinivasan
- T. Thamarai
- R. R. Rao
- R. Venkatesan
- Simi Mathew
- J. Vimala
- G. Latha
- M. Arul Muthiah
- S. Ramasundaram
- R. Sundar
- R. Lavanya
- Anirban Mazumdar
- P. Sakthivel
- P. Muthuvel
- R. Ramesh
- C. R. Deepak
- G. A. Ramadass
- S. Ramesh
- N. Vedachalam
- A. N. Subramanian
- D. Sathianarayanan
- G. Harikrishnan
- T. Chowdhury
- V. B. N. Jyothi
- S. B. Pranesh
- V. Doss Prakash
- A. Ganesh Kumar
- G. Dharani
- R. Kirubagaran
- D. Magesh Peter
- J. T. Mary Leema
- T. S. Kumar
- K. Thirupathi
- A. Josephine
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Atmanand, M. A.
- Initial set of oceanographic data from Bay of Bengal using an underwater glider as mobile sensor node
Abstract Views :293 |
PDF Views:122
Authors
Shijo Zacharia
1,
R. Seshasayanan
1,
V. Gowthaman
2,
S. Muthukumaravel
2,
Tata Sudhakar
2,
M. A. Atmanand
2
Affiliations
1 College of Engineering, Guindy Campus, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, IN
2 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600 100, IN
1 College of Engineering, Guindy Campus, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, IN
2 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600 100, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 109, No 5 (2015), Pagination: 918-929Abstract
Underwater gliders measure high-resolution spatiotemporal oceanographic data. However, glider operations have not been carried out in the Indian Ocean region so far. In September 2013, the National Institute of Ocean Technology, Chennai introduced a mobile sensor node, the underwater glider ‘Barathi’, for observation in the Bay of Bengal (BoB). Herein we address ballasting procedure of the glider operated in highly variable density waters of the BoB. The temperature and conductivity data collected by us are strongly correlated with commercially available instrument with coefficient of determination R2 > 0.97. This article reports results from a long-duration (127 days) mission in 2014. The variation of temperature, salinity, density, sound velocity, mixed layer depth, sonic layer depth and lower cutoff frequency of surface duct along 13°N lat. and between 80.76°E and 86.28°E long. are also presented. The results show a trace of the East Indian Coastal Current. The glider operations demonstrate a novel in situ observation platform in the BoB.Keywords
Mobile sensor node, oceanographic data, underwater glider, underwater acoustics.Full Text
References
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- Design, Development and Validation of Smart Sensor Drifting Node with INSAT Telemetry for Oceanographic Applications
Abstract Views :274 |
PDF Views:106
Authors
Shijo Zacharia
1,
R. Seshasayanan
2,
R. Srinivasan
1,
T. Thamarai
1,
Tata Sudhakar
1,
R. R. Rao
1,
M. A. Atmanand
1
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600 100, IN
2 College of Engineering, Guindy Campus, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, IN
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600 100, IN
2 College of Engineering, Guindy Campus, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 106, No 6 (2014), Pagination: 831-840Abstract
Drifter buoys are globally deployed to measure surface meteorological and oceanographic variables. A Lagrangian drifting buoy (Pradyu II) to measure sea-surface temperature and current has been developed at the National Institute of Ocean Technology, Chennai. The drifter buoy with geostationary satellite communication (INSAT-3C) to have near real-time data at every hour is a unique attempt in the history of drifting buoy nodes. This article describes Pradyu II drifting buoy node, design of low-power embedded system, communication network and field test results from an experiment conducted in the Bay of Bengal during March-April 2013. The results from Pradyu II are compared with commercially available drifting buoy (Marlin-Yug), moored data buoy (BD11) and remotely sensed data.Keywords
Drifting Buoy, Embedded System, Seasurface Temperature, Sensor Node.Full Text
- Signatures of very Severe Cyclonic Storm Phailin in Met-Ocean Parameters Observed by Moored Buoy Network in the Bay of Bengal
Abstract Views :271 |
PDF Views:121
Authors
R. Venkatesan
1,
Simi Mathew
1,
J. Vimala
1,
G. Latha
1,
M. Arul Muthiah
1,
S. Ramasundaram
1,
R. Sundar
1,
R. Lavanya
1,
M. A. Atmanand
1
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Velachery–Tambaram Main Road, Pallikaranai P.O., Chennai 600 100, IN
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Velachery–Tambaram Main Road, Pallikaranai P.O., Chennai 600 100, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 107, No 4 (2014), Pagination: 589-595Abstract
The moored buoy network deployed in the Bay of Bengal played a critical role in the collection and transmission of surface meteorological and oceanographic conditions in real time through satellite telemetry, enabling constant monitoring of the cyclone Phailin. It is the first report of in situ timeseries measurement of a very low pressure taken during cyclones in the northern Indian Ocean. The BD10 buoy recorded a minimum atmospheric pressure of 920 hPa, which happened to be within the eye of the cyclone. This article presents an account of important changes that were observed in the surface meteorological and oceanographic parameters under the influence of the very severe cyclonic storm Phailin. An attempt has been made to understand the role of stratification in intensifying the cyclone Phailin in comparison with the cyclone Lehar which weakened in the ocean itself, based on subsurface data from the moored buoys which were on the track of the respective cyclones. Both the cyclones traversed across the Bay of Bengal in a similar way and the buoys were very close to the cyclone track withstood the rough sea conditions during the storms with their specially designed body. The BD09 buoy which happened to be on the right side of the track of cyclone Phailin moved in a circular path as a result of the inertial oscillation forced by the strong cyclonic winds.Keywords
Cyclonic Storm, Met-Ocean Parameters, Moored Buoy, Real-Time Observations.Full Text
- Design & Development of Underwater Load Cell for Deep Sea Applications
Abstract Views :169 |
PDF Views:2
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of ECE, College of Engineering, Guindy (CEG), Anna University Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Deep Sea Technologies & Ocean Mining, NIOT Campus, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of ECE, College of Engineering, Guindy (CEG), Anna University Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Deep Sea Technologies & Ocean Mining, NIOT Campus, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Programmable Device Circuits and Systems, Vol 4, No 14 (2012), Pagination: 753-758Abstract
Load cells are the devices which can be used for different types of weighing applications. This paper presents the design of a pressure compensated strain gauge based load cell which can be operated for various deep sea applications. This load cell is a transducer that is used to convert a force or load into electrical signal. This conversion is indirect and happens in two stages. Through a mechanical arrangement, the force is sensed which deforms the strain gauge and the deformation (strain) is measured as an electrical signal, because the strain changes the effective electrical resistance of the wire. This load cell is designed with full Wheatstone bridge configuration for detecting both tension and compression load and also for ensuring better accuracy. The electrical signal output is typically of the order of a few mill volts and needs conditioning with necessary signal processing circuitry before it can be used further. Finally the device needs to be enclosed inside a pressure compensated enclosure which can withstand 600 bar outside pressure. The device is mainly designed considering the Indian Ocean parameters and it will work at a depth of 6000 meters under water.Keywords
Load Cell, Strain Gauge, Strain, Transducer, Wheatstone Bridge, Signal Conditioning, Enclosure.
- Observed Variability of Surface Layer in the Central Bay of Bengal:Results of Measurements Using Glider
Abstract Views :248 |
PDF Views:107
Authors
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600 100, IN
2 College of Engineering, Guindy Campus, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, IN
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600 100, IN
2 College of Engineering, Guindy Campus, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 113, No 11 (2017), Pagination: 2151-2159Abstract
Underwater gliders measure high-resolution spatiotemporal oceanographic data. In April 2014, the National Institute of Ocean Technology, Chennai operated an underwater glider ‘Barathi’, for 127 days for observation of Bay of Bengal (BoB). In this article we present the effectiveness of the glider Barathi for high resolution temporal sampling of the surface layer in the central BoB for studying variation of temperature, salinity and density structures and acoustic characteristics on 26–27 May 2014. The results showed ‘afternoon effect’ on acoustic characteristics and formation of secondary sound channel. Our data set is strongly correlated (coefficient of determination r2 > 0.96) with data from a nearby Array for real-time geostrophic Oceanography (Argo) float.Keywords
Bay of Bengal, Density, Eddy, Glider, Salinity, SLD, MLD, Ocean Observation, Temperature.Full Text
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- Unmanned Underwater Vehicles: Design Considerations and Outcome of Scientific Expeditions
Abstract Views :247 |
PDF Views:81
Authors
G. A. Ramadass
1,
S. Ramesh
1,
N. Vedachalam
1,
A. N. Subramanian
1,
D. Sathianarayanan
1,
R. Ramesh
1,
G. Harikrishnan
1,
T. Chowdhury
1,
V. B. N. Jyothi
1,
S. B. Pranesh
1,
V. Doss Prakash
1,
M. A. Atmanand
1
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, IN
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 118, No 11 (2020), Pagination: 1681-1686Abstract
In India, scientific investigations of ocean basins have been in progress for more than five decades using indirect and direct measurement devices. These studies were aimed at resource identification, ecological, palaeo-oceanographic and palaeo-climatic research. To cater to the need of the ocean community, Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROV) rated for 6000 m (ROSUB 6000) and 500 m (PROVe-500) operational depths have been developed at the National Institute of Ocean Technology, MoES, Chennai. This article reports the design considerations for unmanned remotely operated underwater vehicles and the outcome of scientific expeditions conducted for deep sea mineral exploration, ocean biodiversity and polar science.Keywords
Biodiversity, Ocean Resources, Remotely Operated Vehicle.Full Text
References
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- Challenges in Developing Deep-Water Human Occupied Vehicles
Abstract Views :262 |
PDF Views:147
Authors
G. A. Ramadass
1,
N. Vedachalam
1,
S. Ramesh
1,
D. Sathianarayanan
1,
A. N. Subramanian
1,
R. Ramesh
1,
T. Chowdhury
1,
S. B. Pranesh
1,
M. A. Atmanand
1
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, IN
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 118, No 11 (2020), Pagination: 1687-1693Abstract
Human occupied vehicles (HOV) offer enhanced manoeuvering over the remotely operated vehicles and autonomous underwater vehicles. The presence of human increases the dexterity of the HOV operations, but at the same time, the man-rated vehicle design and operation requires significant attention to vehicle reliability, and in turn human safety. This article details the challenges involved in the design and development of deep water HOV, with specific reference to the 6000 m depth-rated HOV designed by the MoES– National Institute of Ocean Technology for enhancing India’s engineering capability in the deep ocean scientific research.Keywords
Ballast, Batteries, Deep Ocean, Human Occupied Vehicle, Navigation.Full Text
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- Production and Characterization of Antimicrobial Peptides from Bacillus subtilis Isolated from Deep-Sea Core Samples
Abstract Views :236 |
PDF Views:83
Authors
Affiliations
1 Marine Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, IN
1 Marine Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 118, No 11 (2020), Pagination: 1725-1730Abstract
A new strain of Bacillus subtilis isolated from deep-sea core sediment sample (1400 m depth) produced antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) when cultured at 50 and 100 bar pressure conditions. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) showed that the AMPs had potent activity against V. cholerae and K. pneumoniae. AMPs extracted from cells grown at ambient and elevated pressure conditions exhibited distinct antifungal and antibacterial activities. Analysis of genes encoding AMPs revealed the presence of srfAA, sbo and bmyB biosynthetic genes. GC–MS analysis confirmed substantial accumulation of unsaturated fatty acids in membrane lipids of the cells in response to elevated pressure.Keywords
Antimicrobial Peptides, Bacillus subtilis, Biosynthetic Genes, Deep-Sea Bacteria, Piezotolerance.Full Text
References
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- Mass Culture of Marine Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris (NIOT-74) and Production of Biodiesel
Abstract Views :225 |
PDF Views:92
Authors
G. Dharani
1,
D. Magesh Peter
1,
J. T. Mary Leema
1,
T. S. Kumar
1,
K. Thirupathi
1,
A. Josephine
1,
R. Kirubagaran
1,
M. A. Atmanand
1
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, IN
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 118, No 11 (2020), Pagination: 1731-1738Abstract
Biodiesel production using marine microalgae as an alternate fuel source is receiving international attention in view of its economic and environmental advantages. The present study evaluated the feasibility of biodiesel production from the marine microalgae; Chlorella vulgaris (NIOT-74). Outdoor mass cultures of marine microalgae were done in different photobioreactors and raceways with marine C. vulgaris (NIOT- 74) as a model organism. The study demonstrated the feasibility of producing biodiesel and provided an evaluation of the physico-chemical properties of biodiesel (B100) and blend (B10) according to ASTM standards. A cost-effective electroflocculation method with 90.12% harvesting efficiency was developed and tested. The biodiesel produced from C. vulgaris (NIOT-74) was tested in two-stroke and four-stroke engines and was also used to test drive a vehicle.Keywords
Biodiesel, Chlorella vulgaris, Fuel Properties, Photobioreactors.Full Text
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- Ocean Current Mapping with Indigenous Drifting Buoys
Abstract Views :145 |
PDF Views:83
Authors
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, IN
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 118, No 11 (2020), Pagination: 1778-1781Abstract
Ocean current transports mass and energy around the world and it is the driving force of climate and it regulates local weather. Drifting buoy plays an important role in mapping world’s ocean water circulations and its study. The National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT), MoES, Chennai has indigenized drifting buoy with the Indian Satellite (INSAT) telemetry and global positioning system receiver to acquire geo-positional updates to precisely calculate ocean’s mixed layer surface current. The drifting buoy acquires hourly positional data (24 data/day) compared to ARGOS drifters which has limited pass in Indian tropical regions. The NIOT deployed drifting buoy in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea during monsoon seasons of 2012–2019 to study the Indian Ocean currents. This article reports about the mixed layer surface currents mapped by the indigenous drifting buoy in the Bay of Bengal.Keywords
Drifting Buoy, GPS Receiver, Mixed Layer Surface Currents, Mesoscale Eddies.Full Text
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